Ikoreshwa rya IMU muri UAVs: Kunoza neza indege no guhagarara neza

Mubice byihuta byiterambere byimodoka zitagira abapilote (UAVs), ibipimo byo gupima inertial (IMUs) bigaragara nkibice byingenzi bigamije kunoza imikorere yindege no kugendagenda neza. Mu gihe icyifuzo cy’indege zitagira abadereva gikomeje kwiyongera mu nganda kuva mu buhinzi kugeza mu igenzura, guhuza ikoranabuhanga rya IMU ryateye imbere biragenda biba ngombwa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza uruhare rukomeye rwa IMU muri drone, yerekana uburyo zitanga umusanzu uhagaze neza, kugendagenda neza no kwirinda inzitizi.

Intandaro ya drone ikora cyane ni IMU, igiterane gikora sensor igapima neza kandi ikandika ibyerekezo bitatu bya drone. Muguhuza giroskopi, umuvuduko waometero na magnetometero, IMU itanga amakuru yingirakamaro kumyitwarire ya drone, kwihuta nihuta. Aya makuru ntabwo arenze amakuru yinyongera; ni ngombwa kwemeza indege ihamye no kugenda neza. IMU ikora nk'ubwonko bwa drone, itunganya amakuru nyayo kandi ikamenyesha sisitemu yo kugenzura indege, itanga imikorere idahwitse mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Kimwe mu bintu byingenzi biranga IMU nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga amakuru yigihe-nyacyo. IMU iremeza ko drone ikomeza inzira ihamye yo guhaguruka mu gupima inguni, ikizunguruka na yaw ya drone. Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi cyane mubihe bitoroshye nkumuyaga mwinshi cyangwa imivurungano, aho no gutandukana guto bishobora gukurura amakosa akomeye yo kugenda. Hamwe n'ibipimo nyabyo bya IMU, abakoresha drone barashobora kwizera ko drone zabo zizakora neza nubwo mubihe bisabwa cyane.

Mubyongeyeho, IMU nayo igira uruhare runini mugufasha kugendagenda. Iyo uhujwe nizindi sensor nka GPS, amakuru yatanzwe na IMU yongerera ubushobozi drone ubushobozi bwo kumenya aho ihagaze nicyerekezo hamwe nukuri cyane. Imikoranire hagati ya tekinoroji ya IMU na GPS ituma kugendagenda neza, kwemerera drone gukora byoroshye inzira zindege hamwe nubutumwa. Haba gushushanya uduce twinshi twubutaka cyangwa gukora ubugenzuzi bwikirere, IMU yemeza ko drones ziguma kumurongo kandi zigatanga ibisubizo byujuje cyangwa birenze ibyateganijwe.

Usibye kugendagenda, IMU ifasha kwirinda inzitizi no gukomeza kuguruka neza. Amakuru yatanzwe na IMU agaburirwa muri algorithm yo kugenzura indege, bituma drone ibasha kumenya no kwirinda inzitizi mugihe nyacyo. Ubu bushobozi nibyingenzi mubikorwa nka serivisi zitangwa, aho drone igomba kugendagenda mumijyi yuzuye inyubako, ibiti nibindi bishobora guteza akaga. Ukoresheje amakuru yaturutse muri IMU, drone irashobora gufata ibyemezo-bigabanya-kabiri kugirango ihindure inzira yindege, irinde umutekano kandi neza.

Senseri zateye imbere muri IMU, zirimo sensor ya MEMS na giriscopes eshatu-axis, ni urufunguzo rwo kugera kuri ubwo bushobozi budasanzwe. Rukuruzi rwa MEMS rukoresha ibikoresho bito byubukanishi kugirango bipime neza umuvuduko n'umuvuduko w'inguni, mugihe imirongo itatu ya giroskopi ifata icyerekezo cya drone muburyo butatu. Hamwe na hamwe, ibyo bice bigize sisitemu ikomeye ituma drone ikorana nubusobanuro butagereranywa kandi bwizewe.

Muri make, ikoreshwa ryaIMUtekinoroji kuri drones izahindura amategeko yinganda. IMU itezimbere imikorere rusange ya drone itanga amakuru akenewe kugirango indege igende neza, kugendagenda neza no kwirinda inzitizi nziza. Mugihe isoko rya drone rikomeje kwaguka, gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rya IMU ryateye imbere nta gushidikanya ko bizaba ikintu cyingenzi mu kugera ku bikorwa byiza no gukemura ibibazo bitandukanye by’inganda zitandukanye. Emera ejo hazaza h'indege hamwe na drone zifite ibikoresho bya IMU kandi wibonere itandukaniro muburyo bwuzuye kandi butajegajega ibikorwa byindege bizana.