Imikorere-MEMS IMU IMU: Ibikurikira muburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga

Mubikorwa byihuta byiterambere byimodoka yigenga, igice cyo gupima inertial (IMU) cyahindutse igice cyingenzi numurongo wanyuma wo kwirwanaho kuri sisitemu yimyanya. Iyi ngingo irasobanura ibyiza bya IMU mu gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, kubishyira mu bikorwa, hamwe n’isoko rigaragara rya sisitemu yo gukora mikorobe ikora cyane (MEMS) IMUs.

Sobanukirwa na IMU

Igice cyo gupima inertial (IMU) nigikoresho kitoroshye gihuza umuvuduko waometero, giroskopi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe rukuruzi ya magnetometero kugirango ipime imbaraga zihariye, umuvuduko wimpande, hamwe na magnetiki ikikije ikinyabiziga. Muguhuza ibi bipimo mugihe, IMUs irashobora gutanga amakuru yukuri kubyerekeye ikinyabiziga gihagaze, icyerekezo n'umuvuduko. Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi ku binyabiziga byigenga, bishingiye ku makuru ahamye kugira ngo bigende neza ku bidukikije bigoye.

Gusaba n'ingaruka za IMU mugutwara kwigenga

Porogaramu ya IMU mu gutwara ibinyabiziga yigenga ni myinshi. Bafite uruhare runini mugutezimbere kwizerwa nukuri kwa sisitemu yo guhagarara, cyane cyane mubihe ibimenyetso bya GPS bishobora kuba intege nke cyangwa bitaboneka, nko mumijyi cyangwa mumirongo. Muri ibi bihe, IMU ikora nkigikoresho gikomeye cyo gusubira inyuma, cyemeza ko ikinyabiziga gishobora gukomeza gukora neza kandi neza.

Byongeye kandi, IMU igira uruhare mubikorwa rusange bya sensor fusion, aho amakuru aturuka kuri sensor zitandukanye nka lidar, kamera, na radar byahujwe kugirango bumve neza ibidukikije bikikije imodoka. Mugutanga amakuru nyayo kubyerekeranye nibinyabiziga, IMU ifasha kunonosora ukuri kwa sensor fusion algorithms, bityo bikazamura ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo no kuyobora.

Ingaruka za IMU zirenze imyanya. Zitezimbere ibinyabiziga no kugenzura, gukora kwihuta, gufata feri no kuguruka neza. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kubushoferi bwigenga, aho kubungabunga ubworoherane bwabagenzi numutekano ari ngombwa. Imikorere ya MEMS IMUs cyane cyane, byongera sensibilité no kugabanya urusaku, bigatuma biba byiza byujuje ibisabwa byimodoka zigenga.

Isoko rikomeye kuri IMU mugutwara kwigenga

Isoko rya IMU mu gutwara ibinyabiziga ryiyongera cyane. Nkuko inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zijya mu mashanyarazi no kwikora, bisaba tekinoroji ya tekinoroji igezweho, harimo n’imikorere myinshiMEMS IMUs, ikomeza gukura. Nk’uko raporo z’inganda zibitangaza, isoko ry’isi yose kuri IMU mu gukoresha amamodoka biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari y’amadolari mu myaka mike iri imbere, bitewe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ryigenga ryigenga.

Ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare muri iyi soko ikomeye. Ubwa mbere, gusunika kubintu byongera umutekano wibinyabiziga byatumye ababikora bashora imari muri sisitemu igezweho. IMU ni igice cyingenzi muri sisitemu kuko zitanga amakuru yukuri. Icya kabiri, kwiyongera kwimijyi yubwenge hamwe nimodoka ihujwe biratera imbaraga zo gukenera tekinoroji yizewe. Mugihe ibidukikije byo mumijyi bigenda bigorana, gukenera ibisubizo nyabyo byo kugenda bigenda biba ngombwa.

Muri make, imikorere-MEMS IMU iteganijwe guhinduka inzira ikurikira mugutwara ubwigenge. Ibyiza byabo mukarere, gutuza no guhuza sensor bituma biba ingenzi kumikorere myiza kandi ikora neza yimodoka yigenga. Mugihe isoko ryikoranabuhanga rikomeje kwaguka, uruhare rwa IMU ruzarushaho kugaragara, gushimangira umwanya waryo nkibuye ryimfuruka yibidukikije byigenga.