Mubikorwa byihuta byiterambere byimodoka yigenga, gukenera sisitemu yukuri kandi yizewe ntabwo byigeze byihutirwa. Mu buhanga butandukanye buboneka,Ibipimo byo gupima inertial (IMUs)uhagarare nkumurongo wanyuma wo kwirwanaho, utanga umwanya utagereranywa wukuri kandi wihangana. Iyo ibinyabiziga byigenga bigendana nibidukikije bigoye, IMUs irashobora kuba igisubizo gikomeye kumipaka yuburyo bwa gakondo.
Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi bya IMU ni uko batigenga kubimenyetso byo hanze. Bitandukanye na GPS, ishingiye ku gukwirakwiza icyogajuru, cyangwa ikarita isobanutse neza, ishingiye ku myumvire y'imyumvire n'imikorere ya algorithm, IMU ikora nka sisitemu yigenga. Ubu buryo bwirabura-agasanduku bivuze ko IMU itababazwa nintege nke nkizindi tekinoroji ya posisiyo. Kurugero, ibimenyetso bya GPS birashobora guhagarikwa na kanyoni yo mumijyi cyangwa ikirere gikabije, kandi amakarita-yuzuye ntashobora kwerekana buri gihe impinduka zifatika mubidukikije. Ibinyuranye, IMU itanga amakuru ahoraho ku muvuduko wihuta no kwihuta, byemeza ko ibinyabiziga byigenga bikomeza guhagarara neza no mubihe bigoye.
Byongeye kandi, kwishyiriraho imiterere ya IMU byongera ubwiza bwa porogaramu yigenga yo gutwara. Kubera ko IMU idasaba ibimenyetso byo hanze, irashobora gushyirwaho ubushishozi ahantu harinzwe nikinyabiziga, nka chassis. Iyi myanya ntabwo ibarinda gusa ibitero byamashanyarazi cyangwa imashini, binagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kubintu bituruka hanze nkimyanda cyangwa ikirere gikaze. Ibinyuranye, ibindi byuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bitandukanye. Igishushanyo mbonera cya IMU hamwe nubudahangarwa bwo kwivanga bituma biba byiza kugirango habeho umwanya wizewe mugihe hashobora kubaho iterabwoba.
Ubusanzwe ubwinshi bwibipimo bya IMU byongera ubwizerwe. Muguhuza amakuru kumuvuduko wihuta no kwihuta hamwe ninyongera zinyongera nkumuvuduko wibiziga hamwe nuyobora, IMUs irashobora gutanga umusaruro hamwe nicyizere cyo hejuru. Uku kurengana ni ingenzi mu rwego rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, aho imigabane iri hejuru kandi intera yo kwibeshya ni nto. Mugihe ibindi byuma bishobora gutanga ibisubizo byuzuye cyangwa bifitanye isano, ibisubizo bya IMU byuzuye bivamo ibisubizo byukuri kandi byizewe byo kugendagenda.
Mu rwego rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, uruhare rwa IMU ntabwo ruhagaze gusa. Irashobora gukora nk'inyongera y'ingenzi mugihe andi makuru ya sensor ataboneka cyangwa abangamiwe. Kubara impinduka mumyitwarire yimodoka, umutwe, umuvuduko numwanya, IMUs irashobora gukuraho neza icyuho kiri hagati yamakuru ya GNSS. Mugihe habaye GNSS nibindi byananiranye, IMU irashobora gukora ibarura ryapfuye kugirango imodoka ikomeze inzira. Iyi miterere ishyira IMU nkisoko yamakuru yigenga, ishoboye kugendana igihe gito no kugenzura amakuru aturutse mubindi bikoresho.
Kugeza ubu, urutonde rwa IMU ruraboneka ku isoko, harimo 6-axis na 9-axis. 6-axis IMU ikubiyemo umuvuduko wa-axis eshatu na giroskopi-eshatu, mugihe 9-axis IMU yongeramo magnetometero eshatu kugirango ikore neza. IMU nyinshi zikoresha tekinoroji ya MEMS kandi zigashyiramo ibipimo bya termometero kugirango ubushyuhe bwigihe nyabwo, burusheho kunoza ukuri.
Byose muri byose, hamwe niterambere ryikomeza ryikoranabuhanga ryigenga ryigenga, IMU yabaye ikintu cyingenzi muri sisitemu yimyanya. IMU ibaye umurongo wanyuma wo kurinda ibinyabiziga byigenga kubera ikizere cyinshi, ubudahangarwa bwibimenyetso byo hanze hamwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya kwivanga. Mugukora neza kandi neza,IMUGira uruhare runini mubikorwa byizewe kandi neza bya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, bikabagira umutungo wingenzi mugihe kizaza cyo gutwara abantu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-11-2024